The First Underwater Tunnel and British Engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel Working Out the Mathematics for Steam Ship Trips and Cargo Loads

The first tunnel ever built below a body of water was in London, England and was built during the 19th century below the River Thames. In the early 19th century, it was believed that a steamship couldn’t cross the Atlantic from Bristol, England to New York City, United States of America because it couldn’t carry enough coal to see it through the journey. This belief was based upon the assumption that the amount of coal needed was determined by the volume or displacement of the ship. The British ...


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