In 19th century England, railways were built before steam engines even existed as they were a frictionless way to bring goods like slate for roofs by horse down from the mountains. Horses were used to pull carts up the mountains and gravity was used to bring the carts back down giving the horses a bit of a rest. Rail gauge refers to how wide the rail is. England used 2' gauge for narrow mountains and 4'8" for everything else, and as such 4'8" caught on all around the world including North Americ...
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