Category: Anthropology

The Argument Against Private Corporation Umbilical Cord Blood Storage

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Canadian Blood and Tissue Bank Insception Life Blood claims that 80 life threatening diseases (e.g. various cancers, metabolic diseases, immune diseases etc.) can be treated with umbilical cord blood, and that these diseases have been treated with success for over 2 decades, with over 45,000 pediatric transfusions worldwide. The majority of these transfusions however were accomplished due to public cord blood banks. Physicians can tap into worldwide public registries with nearly 1,000,000 (1 million) donors to find a match for a patient and this service is free. In the setting of leukemia or a genetic defect, physicians would want to use cord blood which is not biologically related to the patient to avoid having the problem continue. The American Academy of Pediatrics states, “private storage of cord blood as biological insurance should be discouraged”. There is a caveat to this however, in the case of a child having a genetic defect, it is recommended that the family save the cord blood of the next child, if another child is born. It is believed that private cord blood corporations leverage fear, uncertainty, and timed pressure to cajole families into deciding to privately store cord blood. Insception Life Blood has stored cord blood from 70,000 infants yet only 14 were released for transplant, a value of 1 in 5000

The Center of the World and the Reason It Will Not Exist During the 22nd Century

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Kiribati (pronounced “kir-ah-bas”) in the Pacific Ocean is in the center of the world because it is the only country which is in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere as well as the east and the west of the International Date Line; no other country has that designation. Kiribati is located upon the equator, which historically has been devoid of cyclones, however global weather patterns are shifting due to climate change and the equatorial zone is now subject to the path of cyclones. Climate predictions have definitively and conclusively demonstrated that Kiribati will be completely submerged beneath the ocean by the end of the 21st century

Inventions and Discoveries Developed Simultaneously Throughout History

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In 1922, a pair of Columbia University sociologists named William Ogburn and Dorothy Thomas published a paper entitled “Are Inventions Inevitable?” which stated that Ogburn and Thomas discovered 148 examples of documented simultaneous invention. This phenomena occurred in 1876, when Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray filed for a patent for the telephone on the same day with Bell’s unit having a separated listening and talking piece whilst Gray’s unit having a single listening and talking unit built into a conical structure. Other notable examples include Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace who came up with the Theory of Evolution simultaneously, Carl Scheele and Joseph Priestly who discovered oxygen at the same time, Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz who discovered and developed calculus at the same time, Dmitri Mendeleev and Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois who discovered and developed the periodic table at the same time, and Orville and Wilbur Wright and Samuel Langley who invented the airplane during the same period of time. Knowing this, it would seem that the phenomena of simultaneous invention and discovery seems to be exceedingly common for human beings throughout history

Scientists Who Studied the Sun by Looking Directly at it

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Thomas Harriot observed sunspots in 1610 but did not publish his work. In 1612 Harriot recorded that after having viewed the sun, his sight was “dim for an hour”. Oxford University astronomer John Greaves is quoted as stating that after sun observations, he would see afterimages which looked like a flock of crows within his field of vision. Sir Isaac Newton attempted to look at the sun in a mirror, which blinded him for 3 days and caused him to experience afterimages for months

The Educational and Social Benefit of Children Playing Videogames

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Children who play videogames for 3+ hours per day have better memory and better impulse control than those who do not play videogames

Bakers and Grocers Using Additives to Increase Profit Margins During the Victorian Period

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Profit margins were incredibly thin for Victorian bakers so to stretch flour as far as possible, they would add all sorts of additives to adulterate the end product (e.g. clay, plaster of Paris, sawdust, chalk, and alum, the same chemical used to clean swimming pools during the modern day etc.). Alum had both bulking qualities and acted as a bleach for the flour, so alum despite it being the most dangerous additive, was also the most popular supplement during this period. Victorian grocers would use tactics like watering down milk to stretch it as far as possible, going even further than bakers when it came to food tampering. Grocers would often add red lead to cheeses like Red Gloucester cheese, add iron sulfate to pickles to make them appear more green, spruce up old vinegar by adding sulphuric acid, add poisonous Prussian blue to tea leaves, and mixed mercury with children’s candy to enhance its color

The Industries Disrupted by U.S. Entrepreneur Steve Jobs and U.S. Inventor Thomas Edison

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Steve Jobs affected and subsequently disrupted the computer industry, the motion picture industry, the music industry, and the telecommunucations industry, all within a single lifespan. This achievement places Jobs at the status of a world renowned icon, a person like Thomas Edison who affected all of the same industries as well, swapping only the computer industry for the electric industry. Edison invented the incandescent light bulb for the electric industry, the phonograph for the music industry, and the motion picture camera for the film industry, and improved the telegraph and telephone for the telecommunications industry. Jobs developed the Macintosh computer for the computer industry, the animation studio Pixar for the film industry, the iPod and iTunes for the music industry, and the iPhone for the telecommunications industry

The Original Version of the Statue of Liberty

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The Statue of Liberty was provided as a gift to the U.S. from the French public to celebrate the U.S. French alliance during the Revolutionary War. This gift however was not originally designed for the U.S., as its sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi (pronounced “fred-reek ah-goost bar-told-ee”) had traveled to Egypt to pitch the idea of an enormous woman like the Statue of Liberty, standing at the entrance of the Suez Canal. This original design was to be veiled to comply with then Egyptian values, and holding a lantern representing Egypt carrying the light of progress into Asia. Initially the Egyptian government liked this idea but because the cost was exorbitantly high, plans were eventually scrapped. Bartholdi redesigned his concept to depict a Roman goddess which is more European and therefore palatable to the U.S. conscious. In addition to this, Bartholdi also wanted to ensure that this new design represented freedom, not progress, to reflect American sentiment during this period

The Belief of How Insects Spawned Within Europe During the 18th Century

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It was primarily believed within Europe during the 18th century that insects were correlated with the devil, as anything not understood or relatively misunderstood during the period was explained as evil or demonic phenomena in nature powered by supernatural forces. Scientific knowledge was limited during the 18th century, therefore superstitious beliefs were commonplace throughout the whole of Europe. Europeans believed that insects spawned from the mud annually, because they could not explain why insects develop en masse and are only present for the warmer months of the year, with this hypothesis referred to as “spontaneous generation”. This theory was only laid to rest after the theory of spontaneous generation was challenged by several scientists including Italian physician Francesco Redi, who conducted experiments during the 17th century which demonstrated that maggots decaying upon meat arise from eggs laid by flies, not from the meat itself. During the 18th century, Italian priest and biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani conducted further experiments which refuted spontaneous generation, particularly for microorganisms

How Birthdays are Celebrated Within Vietnam and the Tết Nguyên Đán Holiday

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In Vietnam, every person celebrates their birthday on the same day of the year, which is Tết Nguyên Đán (pronounced “tet!/tut! hwin dawn” with the exclamation marks denoting that “tết” is a strong sounding term with emphasis), the Vietnamese New Year. Instead of celebrating individual birthdays, the Vietnamese celebrate birthdays simultaneously by collectively adding a year to their age upon this date. Tết Nguyên Đán is predicated upon the lunisolar calendar, which involves both lunar and solar events, and because of this, Tết Nguyên Đán occurs between January and February, marked by the first new moon after January 21st but before February 20th. It should be noted, some Vietnamese have chosen not to observe this tradition, and therefore celebrate their individual birthday upon the date of its anniversary, with this practice becoming much more common during the modern day, however because Tết Nguyên Đán is the most important holiday within Vietnam, the practice is still ascribed to